Byg første gang

Efter at projektet har oprettet, tager vi først en tur gennem kildekoden for at få en almen forståelse for hvordan programmets rammeomgivelser ser ud. Det hjælper os ikke kun med at komme igang, men vi ved også hvor ændringer skal udføres i senere skridt.

I dette kapitel gøres antagelsen at du forstår den grundlæggende håndtering af KDevelop. Kig i KDevelops håndbog for at finde information hvis du behøver det.

Håndtering af automake viser projektfilerne som følger:

Inden vi dukker ned i kildekoden, skal vi lade KDevelop bygge og køre vort nye program. For at gøre det, vælges Byg projekt i menuen Byg, eller der trykkes på F8. Udskriftsvinduet åbnes og viser udskrevne meddelelser under kompileringsfasen.

1 cd /home/caleb/kscribble && WANT_AUTOCONF_2_5=1 WANT_AUTOMAKE_1_6=1 gmake k
2 gmake all-recursive
3 gmake[1]: Entering directory `/home/caleb/kscribble'
4 Making all in doc
5 gmake[2]: Entering directory `/home/caleb/kscribble/doc'
6 Making all in .
7 gmake[3]: Entering directory `/home/caleb/kscribble/doc'
8 gmake[3]: Nothing to be done for `all-am'.
9 gmake[3]: Leaving directory `/home/caleb/kscribble/doc'
10 Making all in en
11 gmake[3]: Entering directory `/home/caleb/kscribble/doc/en'
12 /usr/local/kde3/bin/meinproc --check --cache index.cache.bz2 /home/caleb/kscribble/doc/en/index.docbook
13 gmake[3]: Leaving directory `/home/caleb/kscribble/doc/en'
14 gmake[2]: Leaving directory `/home/caleb/kscribble/doc'
15 Making all in po
16 gmake[2]: Entering directory `/home/caleb/kscribble/po'
17 gmake[2]: Nothing to be done for `all'.
18 gmake[2]: Leaving directory `/home/caleb/kscribble/po'
19 Making all in src
20 gmake[2]: Entering directory `/home/caleb/kscribble/src'
21 source='main.cpp' object='main.o' libtool=no \
22 depfile='.deps/main.Po' tmpdepfile='.deps/main.TPo' \
23 depmode=gcc3 /bin/sh /home/caleb/kscribble/admin/depcomp \
24 g++ -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I/home/caleb/kscribble/src -I.. -I/usr/local/kde3/include 
   -I/usr/lib/qt/include -I/usr/X11R6/include -DQT_THREAD_SUPPORT -D_REENTRANT -Wnon-virtual-dtor 
   -Wno-long-long -Wundef -Wall -pedantic -W -Wpointer-arith -Wmissing-prototypes -Wwrite-strings 
   -ansi -D_XOPEN_SOURCE=500 -D_BSD_SOURCE -Wcast-align -Wconversion -O2 -fno-exceptions -fno-check-new 
   -c -o main.o `test -f 'main.cpp' || echo '/home/caleb/kscribble/src/'`main.cpp
25 /usr/lib/qt/bin/moc /home/caleb/kscribble/src/kscribble.h -o kscribble.moc
26 source='kscribble.cpp' object='kscribble.o' libtool=no \
27 depfile='.deps/kscribble.Po' tmpdepfile='.deps/kscribble.TPo' \
28 depmode=gcc3 /bin/sh /home/caleb/kscribble/admin/depcomp \
29 g++ -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I/home/caleb/kscribble/src -I.. -I/usr/local/kde3/include 
   -I/usr/lib/qt/include -I/usr/X11R6/include -DQT_THREAD_SUPPORT -D_REENTRANT -Wnon-virtual-dtor 
   -Wno-long-long -Wundef -Wall -pedantic -W -Wpointer-arith -Wmissing-prototypes -Wwrite-strings 
   -ansi -D_XOPEN_SOURCE=500 -D_BSD_SOURCE -Wcast-align -Wconversion -O2 -fno-exceptions -fno-check-new 
   -c -o kscribble.o `test -f 'kscribble.cpp' || echo '/home/caleb/kscribble/src/'`kscribble.cpp
30 kscribble.cpp: In member function `void KScribble::setupActions()'
31 kscribble.cpp:107: warning: unused variable `KAction*custom'
32 /usr/lib/qt/bin/moc /home/caleb/kscribble/src/kscribbleview.h -o kscribbleview.moc
33 source='kscribbleview.cpp' object='kscribbleview.o' libtool=no \
34 depfile='.deps/kscribbleview.Po' tmpdepfile='.deps/kscribbleview.TPo' \
35 depmode=gcc3 /bin/sh /home/caleb/kscribble/admin/depcomp \
36 g++ -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I/home/caleb/kscribble/src -I.. -I/usr/local/kde3/include 
   -I/usr/lib/qt/include -I/usr/X11R6/include -DQT_THREAD_SUPPORT -D_REENTRANT -Wnon-virtual-dtor 
   -Wno-long-long -Wundef -Wall -pedantic -W -Wpointer-arith -Wmissing-prototypes -Wwrite-strings -ansi 
   -D_XOPEN_SOURCE=500 -D_BSD_SOURCE -Wcast-align -Wconversion -O2 -fno-exceptions -fno-check-new -c 
   -o kscribbleview.o `test -f 'kscribbleview.cpp' || echo '/home/caleb/kscribble/src/'`kscribbleview.cpp
37 kscribbleview.cpp: In member function `void KScribbleView::print(QPainter*,
38  int, int)':
39 kscribbleview.cpp:79: warning: unused parameter `QPainter*p'
40 kscribbleview.cpp:79: warning: unused parameter `int height'
41 kscribbleview.cpp:79: warning: unused parameter `int width'
42 /usr/lib/qt/bin/moc /home/caleb/kscribble/src/pref.h -o pref.moc
43 source='pref.cpp' object='pref.o' libtool=no \
44 depfile='.deps/pref.Po' tmpdepfile='.deps/pref.TPo' \
45 depmode=gcc3 /bin/sh /home/caleb/kscribble/admin/depcomp \
46 g++ -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I/home/caleb/kscribble/src -I.. -I/usr/local/kde3/include 
   -I/usr/lib/qt/include -I/usr/X11R6/include -DQT_THREAD_SUPPORT -D_REENTRANT -Wnon-virtual-dtor 
   -Wno-long-long -Wundef -Wall -pedantic -W -Wpointer-arith -Wmissing-prototypes -Wwrite-strings 
   -ansi -D_XOPEN_SOURCE=500 -D_BSD_SOURCE -Wcast-align -Wconversion -O2 -fno-exceptions -fno-check-new 
   -c -o pref.o `test -f 'pref.cpp' || echo '/home/caleb/kscribble/src/'`pref.cpp
47 /usr/local/kde3/bin/dcopidl /home/caleb/kscribble/src/kscribbleiface.h 
> kscribbleiface.kidl || 
   ( rm -f kscribbleiface.kidl ; /bin/false )
48 /usr/local/kde3/bin/dcopidl2cpp --c++-suffix cpp --no-signals --no-stub kscribbleiface.kidl
49 source='kscribbleiface_skel.cpp' object='kscribbleiface_skel.o' libtool=no \
50 depfile='.deps/kscribbleiface_skel.Po' tmpdepfile='.deps/kscribbleiface_skel.TPo' \
51 depmode=gcc3 /bin/sh /home/caleb/kscribble/admin/depcomp \
52 g++ -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I/home/caleb/kscribble/src -I.. -I/usr/local/kde3/include 
   -I/usr/lib/qt/include -I/usr/X11R6/include -DQT_THREAD_SUPPORT -D_REENTRANT -Wnon-virtual-dtor 
   -Wno-long-long -Wundef -Wall -pedantic -W -Wpointer-arith -Wmissing-prototypes -Wwrite-strings 
   -ansi -D_XOPEN_SOURCE=500 -D_BSD_SOURCE -Wcast-align -Wconversion -O2 -fno-exceptions -fno-check-new 
   -c -o kscribbleiface_skel.o `test -f 'kscribbleiface_skel.cpp' || 
   echo '/home/caleb/kscribble/src/'`kscribbleiface_skel.cpp
53 /bin/sh ../libtool --silent --mode=link --tag=CXX g++ -Wnon-virtual-dtor -Wno-long-long -Wundef -Wall 
   -pedantic -W -Wpointer-arith -Wmissing-prototypes -Wwrite-strings -ansi -D_XOPEN_SOURCE=500 
   -D_BSD_SOURCE -Wcast-align -Wconversion -O2 -fno-exceptions -fno-check-new -o kscribble -R 
   /usr/local/kde3/lib -R /usr/lib/qt/lib -R /usr/X11R6/lib -L/usr/X11R6/lib -L/usr/lib/qt/lib 
   -L/usr/local/kde3/lib main.o kscribble.o kscribbleview.o pref.o kscribbleiface_skel.o -lkio 
54 source='kscribble_client.cpp' object='kscribble_client.o' libtool=no \
55 depfile='.deps/kscribble_client.Po' tmpdepfile='.deps/kscribble_client.TPo' \
56 depmode=gcc3 /bin/sh /home/caleb/kscribble/admin/depcomp \
57 g++ -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I/home/caleb/kscribble/src -I.. -I/usr/local/kde3/include 
   -I/usr/lib/qt/include -I/usr/X11R6/include -DQT_THREAD_SUPPORT -D_REENTRANT -Wnon-virtual-dtor 
   -Wno-long-long -Wundef -Wall -pedantic -W -Wpointer-arith -Wmissing-prototypes -Wwrite-strings 
   -ansi -D_XOPEN_SOURCE=500 -D_BSD_SOURCE -Wcast-align -Wconversion -O2 -fno-exceptions -fno-check-new 
   -c -o kscribble_client.o `test -f 'kscribble_client.cpp' || echo 
   '/home/caleb/kscribble/src/'`kscribble_client.cpp
58 /bin/sh ../libtool --silent --mode=link --tag=CXX g++ -Wnon-virtual-dtor -Wno-long-long -Wundef 
   -Wall -pedantic -W -Wpointer-arith -Wmissing-prototypes -Wwrite-strings -ansi -D_XOPEN_SOURCE=500 
   -D_BSD_SOURCE -Wcast-align -Wconversion -O2 -fno-exceptions -fno-check-new -o kscribble_client -R 
   /usr/local/kde3/lib -R /usr/lib/qt/lib -R /usr/X11R6/lib -L/usr/X11R6/lib -L/usr/lib/qt/lib 
   -L/usr/local/kde3/lib kscribble_client.o -lkdecore 
59 gmake[2]: Leaving directory `/home/caleb/kscribble/src'
60 gmake[2]: Entering directory `/home/caleb/kscribble'
61 gmake[2]: Nothing to be done for `all-am'.
62 gmake[2]: Leaving directory `/home/caleb/kscribble'
63 gmake[1]: Leaving directory `/home/caleb/kscribble'
64 *** Succes ***

Som du kan se, har vi puttet linjenumre foran hver linje som ikke vises i udskriften, men som gør det nemmere at beskrive hvad der sker under bygningen. For det første virker byggeprogrammet rekursivt. Det betyder at det begynder i mappen hvor det startes, først går ned i undermapper, en af gangen, og derefter går tilbage til mappen hvor det startedes, behandler den, og derefter afslutter.

Den første interessante linje er 24. Bemærk at g++, som er vores C++ oversætter, kaldes af make på denne linje for at kompilere den første kildekodefilen i vores projekt - i dette tilfælde main.cpp. Mange yderligere kommandolinjeflag bruges også med g++ oversætteren. Visse er standard, mens andre kan indstilles via KDevelop.

Inden næste fil (kscribble.cpp, linje 29) kompileres, køres først moc (metaobjektoversætteren) for kscribble.h (linje 25). Det sker fordi KScribble-klasser bruger signaler og slots, så makroen Q_OBJECT skal ekspanderes, og moc gør det for os. Resultatfilen, kscribble.moc, bruges af kscribble.cpp via udsagnet #include i filen.